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Elsevier Fetal and Neonatal Physiology 2 Volume Set 2021 Edition by Richard A. Polin ,Steven H. Abman ,David Rowitch ,William E. Benitz
Offering the comprehensive, authoritative information needed for effective diagnosis, treatment, and management of sick and premature infants, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, 6th Edition, is an invaluable resource for board review, clinical rounds, scientific research, and day-to-day practice. This trusted two-volume text synthesizes recent advances in the field into definitive guidance for today's busy practitioner, focusing on the basic science needed for exam preparation and key information required for full-time practice. It stands alone as the most complete text available in this complex and fast-changing field, yet is easy to use for everyday application.Offers definitive guidance on how to effectively manage the many health problems seen in newborn and premature infants. Contains new chapters on Pathophysiology of Genetic Neonatal Disease, Genetic Variants and Neonatal Disease, and Developmental Biology of Lung Stem Cells, as well as significantly revised chapters on Cellular Mechanisms of Neonatal Brain Injury, Neuroprotective Therapeutic Hypothermia, Enteric Nervous System Development and Gastrointestinal Motility, and Physiology of Twin-Twin Transfusion. Features 1,000 full-color diagrams, graphs and anatomic illustrations, 170+ chapters, and more than 350 global contributors. Includes chapters devoted to clinical correlation that help explain the implications of fetal and neonatal physiology, as well as clinical applications boxes throughout. Provides summary boxes at the end of each chapter and extensive cross-referencing between chapters for quick reference and review. Allows you to apply the latest insights on genetic therapy, intrauterine infections, brain protection and neuroimaging, and much more. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Table of Contents : ContentsVolume 1Section I Genetics andEmbryology1 Basic Genetic Principles, 1Haluk Kavus | Wendy K. Chung2 Epigenetics, 11William Schierding | Mark H. Vickers | Justin M.O'Sullivan | Wayne S. Cutfield3 Basic Embryology, 23David L. Bolender4 Regulation of Embryogenesis, 38Matt K. Lee | Changgong Li | David Warburton | ParvizMinoo5 The Extracellular Matrix in Development, 47Sandra L. Leibel | Martin Post6 Angiogenesis, 54Yalda Afshar | M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe7 Prenatal Diagnosis, 58Laura Smith | Barbara M. O'BrienSection II Placenta andIntrauterine Environment8 Placental Development, 67Margaret G. Petroff | Helen Jones9 Regulation of the Placental Circulation, 80Imran N. Mir | Charles R. Rosenfeld10 Mechanisms of Transfer Across the HumanPlacenta, 89Rohan M. Lewis | Jane K. Cleal11 Endocrine and Paracrine Function of the HumanPlacenta, 101Anna A. Penn12 Intra-Amniotic Infection/Inflammation and theFetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome, 111Eunjung Jung | Roberto Romero | Lami Yeo | PiyaChaemsaithong | Nardhy Gomez-Lopez13 Fetal Origins of Adult Disease: A ClassicHypothesis With New Relevance, 129Peter Russell Baker II14 Placental Function in Intrauterine GrowthRestriction, 137Jill Chang | Karen MestanSection III DevelopmentalPharmacology15 Basic Pharmacologic Principles, 150Gabriel Altit | Julie Autmizguine | FrancoisDuhamel | Sylvain Chemtob16 Principles of Pharmacokinetics, 166Robert M. Ward | Kevin M. Watt | Steven E. Kern17 The Physiology of Placental DrugDisposition, 173Karel Allegaert | John Nicolaas van den Anker18 Pharmacogenomics, 187Laura B. Ramsey | Tomoyuki Mizuno | Alexander A. Vinks19 Drug Distribution in Fetal Life, 194Marianne Garland20 Drug Transfer During Breastfeeding, 203Thomas W. Hale | Kaytlin KrutschSection IV Intrauterine andPostnatal Growth21 Placental and Fetal Circulatory and MetabolicChanges Accompanying Fetal GrowthRestriction, 214Barbra de Vrijer | Giacomo Meschia | Frederick C.Battaglia | Timothy R.H. Regnault | William W. Hay, Jr.22 Endocrine Factors Affecting NeonatalGrowth, 224Kara Kuhn-Riordon | Yvonne K. Lee | Dennis M. Styne23 Human Milk Composition and Function in theInfant, 241Donna Geddes | Zoya Gridneva | Lisa Stinson | PeterHartmann24 Physiology of Lactation, 249Jayne F. Martin Carli | Jenifer Monks | James L. McManamanSection V Perinatal Iron,Mineral, and VitaminMetabolism25 Fetal and Neonatal Iron Metabolism, 257Harry J. McArdle | Michael K. Georgieff26 Fetal and Neonatal Calcium, Phosphorus, andMagnesium Homeostasis, 265Karen M. O'Callaghan | Daniel E. Roth27 Zinc in the Fetus and Neonate, 282Nancy F. Krebs | K. Michael Hambidge28 Vitamin A Metabolism in the Fetus andNeonate, 287Libo Tan | A. Catharine Ross29 Vitamin E Nutrition in Pregnancy and theNewborn Infant, 295Karla Danielly da S. Ribeiro | Debora Gabriela FernandesAssuncao | Natalia Carlos Maia Amorim | Priscila Gomes deOliveira30 Vitamin K Metabolism in the Fetus andNeonate, 303Martin J. Shearer | Paul ClarkeSection VI Lipid Metabolism31 Maternal-Fetal Transfer of LipidMetabolites, 311Emilio Herrera | Miguel Angel Lasuncion32 Brown Adipose Tissue: Development andFunction, 323Jan Nedergaard | Barbara Cannon33 Lipids as an Energy Source for the Prematureand Term Neonate, 332Emilio Herrera | Henar Ortega-Senovilla34 Ketone Body Metabolism in the Neonate, 339Baris Ercal | Peter A. Crawford35 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids inNeurodevelopment, 348Kathleen M. Gustafson | John Colombo | Susan E. CarlsonSection VII CarbohydrateMetabolism36 Glucose Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn,and Methods for Its Investigation, 358Sarah A. Wernimont | Andrew W. Norris37 Oxygen Consumption and GeneralCarbohydrate Metabolism of the Fetus, 368Anthony F. Philipps38 Role of Glucoregulatory Hormones in HepaticGlucose Metabolism During the PerinatalPeriod, 382Kathryn Beardsall | Amanda Ogilvy-Stuart | Myat Su Win39 Cell Glucose Transport and Glucose HandlingDuring Fetal and Neonatal Development, 392Rebecca A. SimmonsSection VIII ProteinMetabolism40 General Concepts of Protein Metabolism, 400Chris H.P. van den Akker | Johannes (Hans) B. vanGoudoever | Dwight E. Matthews41 Placental Transfer and Fetal Requirements ofAmino Acids, 408Laura D. Brown | Rohan M. Lewis | William W. Hay, Jr. |Timothy R.H. RegnaultSection IXThermoregulation42 Temperature Control in Newborn Infants, 423Rakesh SahniSection X Skin43 Structure and Development of the Skin andCutaneous Appendages, 446David H. Chu | Cynthia A. Loomis44 Physiologic Development of the Skin, 454Marty O. Visscher | Vivek NarendranSection XI Fetal and NeonatalCardiovascular Physiology45 Cardiovascular Development, 473Maurice J.B. van den Hoff | Andy Wessels46 Developmental Electrophysiology in the Fetusand Neonate, 482Janette F. Strasburger | Annette Wacker-Gussmann | Michael A.Schellpfeffer47 Developmental Biology of the PulmonaryVasculature, 501Cristina M. Alvira | Shazia Bhombal | Marlene Rabinovitch48 Development of the Gastrointestinal Circulationin the Fetus and Newborn, 517Upender K. Munshi | David A. Clark49 Physiology of Congenital Heart Disease in theNeonate, 521?Thomas J. Kulik | Philip T. Levy50 Regulation of Cardiovascular Function DuringFetal and Newborn Life, 534Dino A. Giussani | Jeffrey L. Segar51 Nutritional and Environmental Effects on theFetal Circulation, 545Lucy R. Green | Mark A. Hanson?Deceased.52 Mechanisms Regulating Closure of the DuctusArteriosus, 553Ronald I. Clyman53 Umbilical Circulation, 564Torvid Kiserud | Guttorm Haugen54 Fetal and Placental Circulation DuringLabor, 576Karel MarsalSection XII The Lung55 Normal and Abnormal Structural Developmentof the Lung, 585Xin Sun56 Regulation of Alveolarization, 600Christophe Delacourt | Alice Hadchouel57 Physiologic Mechanisms of Normal and AlteredLung Growth Before and After Birth, 605Megan J. Wallace | Stuart B. Hooper | Richard Harding58 Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Developmentand Lung Branching Morphogenesis, 617Sandra L. Leibel | Martin Post59 Regulation of Liquid Secretion and Absorptionby the Fetal and Neonatal Lung, 626David P. Carlton60 Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation,and Development, 635Thomas H. Shaffer | Raymond B. Penn | Marla R. Wolfson61 Regulation of Lower Airway Function, 645Abhrajit Ganguly | Richard J. Martin | Peter M.MacFarlane | Y.S. Prakash | Thomas M. Raffay62 Functional Development of RespiratoryMuscles, 652Carlos B. Mantilla | Joline E. Brandenburg | Matthew J.Fogarty | Gary C. Sieck63 Mechanics of Breathing, 665Jacopo P. Mortola64 Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the DevelopingLung, 673Leif D. Nelin | John P. Kinsella | William E. Truog III65 Oxygen Transport and Delivery, 684Danielle R. Rios | Afif F. El-Khuffash | Patrick J. McNamara66 Control of Breathing in Fetal Life and Onset andControl of Breathing in the Neonate, 697Ruben E. Alvaro67 Basic Mechanisms of Oxygen Sensing andAdaptation to Hypoxia, 707Dan Zhou | Gabriel G. Haddad68 Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in theNeonate, 714Emidio Sivieri | Kevin Dysart | Soraya Abbasi | Eric C.Eichenwald69 Mechanisms of Neonatal Lung Injury, 728Anastasiya Mankouski | Richard Lambert Auten, Jr.70 Impaired Lung Growth After Injury in PretermLung, 734Kurt H. Albertine | Theodore J. Pysher | Bradley A. Yoder71 Antenatal Factors That Influence Postnatal LungDevelopment and Injury, 748Suhas G. Kallapur | Alan H. Jobe72 Regulation of Pulmonary Circulation, 757Yuansheng Gao | J. Usha RajSECTION XIII Surfactant73 Historical Perspective, 765John A. Clements74 Developmental Biology of Lung Stem Cells, 768Ivana Mizikova | Chanele Cyr-Depauw | Bernard Thebaud75 Surfactant Homeostasis: Composition andFunction of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids andProteins, 776Jeffrey A. Whitsett | Paul S. Kingma76 Structure and Development of AlveolarEpithelial Cells, 787Henry J. Rozycki | Karen D. Hendricks-Munoz77 Regulation of Surfactant-AssociatedPhospholipid Synthesis and Secretion, 792Wolfgang Bernhard78 Antenatal Hormonal Therapy for Prevention ofRespiratory Distress Syndrome, 804J.E. Harding | C.A. Crowther | C.J.D. McKinlay79 Surfactant Treatment, 813Alan H. Jobe | Suhas G. Kallapur80 Genetics and Physiology of Surfactant ProteinDeficiencies, 825Jennifer A. Wambach | Lawrence M. NogeeSECTION XIV Physiology ofGastrointestinal Tract in theFetus and Neonate81 Trophic Factors and Regulationof Gastrointestinal Tract and LiverDevelopment, 838Douglas G. Burrin | Caitlin E. VonderoheOrganogenesis of the GastrointestinalTract, 845Maxime M. Mahe | Michael A. Helmrath | Noah F. Shroyer83 Development of Gastric SecretoryFunction, 854Joshua D. Prozialeck | Barry K. Wershil84 Development of the Enteric Nervous System andGastrointestinal Motility, 859Julie Khlevner | Andrew Del Colle | Kara Gross Margolis85 Development of the Endocrine and ExocrinePancreas, 868Lori Sussel86 Digestive-Absorptive Functions in Fetuses,Infants, and Children, 881Diomel de la Cruz | Josef Neu87 The Developing Microbiome of the Fetus andNeonate: A Multiomic Approach, 888Josef Neu | Neel Kamal SinghSECTION XV Liver and BilirubinMetabolism88 Organogenesis and Histologic Development ofthe Liver, 896Steven Lobritto89 Bile Acid Metabolism During Development, 901Linda X. Wang | Rohit Kohli90 Fetal and Neonatal BilirubinMetabolism, 915Ryoichi Fujiwara91 Hereditary Contributions to NeonatalHyperbilirubinemia, 919Michael Kaplan | Cathy Hammerman92 Mechanistic Aspects of Phototherapy forNeonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, 930Vinod K. Bhutani | Christina M. Konecny | Ronald J. WongVolume 2Section XVI The Kidney93 Development of the Kidney: Morphology andMechanisms, 941Ian M. Smyth | Luise A. Cullen-McEwen | Alexander N.Combes | Lori L. O'Brien | Mary Jane Black |John F. Bertram94 Functional Development of the Kidney inUtero, 954Douglas G. Matsell | Michael J. Hiatt95 Development and Regulation of Renal BloodFlow in the Neonate, 965Michael J. Solhaug | Pedro A. Jose96 Postnatal Development of Glomerular FiltrationRate in Neonates, 975Jean-Pierre Guignard | Silvia Iacobelli97 Renal Transport of Sodium DuringDevelopment, 984Michel Baum98 Potassium Homeostasis in the Fetus andNeonate, 992Matthias T. Wolf | Corinne Benchimol | Lisa M.Satlin | Raymond Quigley99 Role of the Kidney in Calcium and PhosphorusHomeostasis, 1006Minh Dien Duong | Frederick J. Kaskel100 Transport of Amino Acids in the Fetus andNeonate, 1018Raymond Quigley101 Organic Anion Transport in the DevelopingKidney, 1024Sun-Young Ahn | Jeremiah D. Momper | Sanjay K. Nigam102 Concentration and Dilution of Urine, 1030Silvia Iacobelli | Jean-Pierre Guignard103 Urinary Acidification, 1047Seth L. Alper | George J. Schwartz104 Response to Nephron Loss in EarlyDevelopment, 1056Pamela I. Good | Fangming Lin | Jennifer R. CharltonSECTION XVII Fluid andElectrolyte Metabolism105 Fluid Distribution in the Fetus andNeonate, 1064Chang-Ryul Kim | Barbara S. Stonestreet106 Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in the Fetusand Neonate, 1076Timur Azhibekov | Philippe S. Friedlich | Istvan SeriSection XVIII DevelopmentalHematopoiesis107 Developmental Biology of Hematopoietic StemCells, 1082Amelie Collins108 Neutrophil Granulopoiesis andHomeostasis, 1093Shelley M. Lawrence | Victor Nizet109 Developmental Erythropoiesis, 1104Timothy M. Bahr | Robin K. Ohls110 Developmental Megakaryopoiesis, 1125Martha C. Sola-Visner | Patricia DavenportSection XIX Hemostasis111 Developmental Hemostasis, 1145Paul Monagle112 Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions, 1153Thomas G. DiacovoSection XX DevelopmentalImmunobiology113 Host Defense Mechanisms AgainstBacteria, 1158Tobias R. Kollmann | Nicolas Dauby | DannyHarbeson | Mario Fidanza | Arnaud Marchant114 Host Defense Mechanisms Against Fungi, 1167Melinda Erdos | Laszlo Marodi115 Host Defense Mechanisms AgainstViruses, 1172James E. Crowe, Jr. | Fabienne Willems | Arnaud Marchant116 T-Cell Development, 1195Melinda Erdos | Laszlo Marodi117 B-Cell Development, 1200Sandra C.A. Nielsen | Scott D. Boyd118 Mononuclear Phagocyte System, 1206Pascal M. Lavoie | Ofer Levy119 Normal and Abnormal Neutrophil Physiology inthe Newborn, 1215Joyce M. Koenig | Joseph M. Bliss | Markus Sperandio120 The Complement System of the Fetus andNewborn, 1232Melvin Berger121 Cytokines and Inflammatory Response in theFetus and Neonate, 1243Scott M. Gordon | Lakshmi Srinivasan | Mary CatherineHarris | Laurie E. Kilpatrick122 Immunology of Human Milk, 1257Armond S. Goldman | Sadhana Chheda | Susan E. Keeney123 Neonatal Pulmonary Host Defense, 1265Misty Good | Jay K. Kolls | Kerry M. EmpeySection XXI Neurology124 Development of the Nervous System, 1297Christopher J. Yuskaitis | Scott L. Pomeroy125 Mechanisms of Cell Death in the DevelopingBrain, 1318Claire Thornton126 Development of the Blood-Brain Barrier, 1327Clemence Disdier | Susan S. Cohen | MariellaErrede | Daniela Virgintino | Barbara S. Stonestreet127 Trophic Factor, Nutritional, and HormonalRegulation of Brain Development, 1341David Pleasure128 Developmental Aspects of Pain, 1347Manon Ranger | Simon Beggs | Ruth E. Grunau129 Cerebellar Development-The Impact of PretermBirth and Comorbidities, 1353Emily W.Y. Tam | Manon J.N.L. Benders | Vivi M. Heine130 Electroencephalography in the Preterm andTerm Infant, 1367Maria Roberta Cilio | Francesco Pisani131 Intraventricular Hemorrhage in theNeonate, 1394Brian H. Walsh | Terrie E. Inder132 Pathophysiology of Neonatal White MatterInjury, 1414Steven P. Miller | Stephen A. Back133 Cellular and Molecular Mechanismsof Neonatal Brain Injury andNeuroprotection, 1422Panagiotis Kratimenos | Joseph Scafidi | Vittorio Gallo134 Neuroprotective Therapeutic Hypothermia, 1432Alistair J. Gunn | Joanne O. Davidson | Laura BennetSection XXII Special SensorySystems in the Fetus andNeonate135 Early Development of the Human AuditorySystem, 1440Kelsey L. Anbuhl | Kristin M. Uhler | Lynne A.Werner | Daniel J. Tollin136 Development of Olfaction and Taste in theHuman Fetus and Neonate, 1455Harvey B. SarnatSection XXIII Musculoskeletal137 The Growth Plate: Embryologic Origin,Structure, and Function, 1465Emmanouil Grigoriou | John P. Dormans138 Ontogenesis of Striated Muscle, 1475Harvey B. SarnatSection XXIV EndocrineFunction139 Hypothalamus: NeuroendometabolicCenter, 1495Adda Grimberg | Jessica Katz Kutikov140 Growth Factor Regulation of FetalGrowth, 1505Colin P. Hawkes | Lorraine E. Levitt Katz141 Growth Hormone, Prolactin, and PlacentalLactogen in the Fetus and Newborn, 1514Nursen Gurtunca | Mark A. Sperling142 Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-StimulatingHormone Secretion in the Fetus and NewbornInfant, 1520Sumana Narasimhan | Ethel G. Clemente | Neha V. Vyas |T. Rajendra Kumar143 Development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Fetus, 1532Brian J. Feldman | Abby Walch | Jennifer Zabinsky144 Fetal and Neonatal AdrenocorticalPhysiology, 1538Kristi L. Watterberg | Louis J. Muglia145 Fetal and Neonatal Thyroid Physiology, 1546Andrew J. BauerSection XXV Ovary andTestis146 Genetics of Sex Determination andDifferentiation, 1555Peter James Ivor Ellis147 Differentiation of the Ovary, 1566Linn Salto Mamsen | Claus Yding Andersen | Andrew J.Childs | Richard A. Anderson148 Testicular Development and Descent, 1574Mary M. LeeSection XXViPAT HOPHYSIOLOGY OF NEONATALDISEASES149 The Pathophysiology of Twin-Twin TransfusionSyndrome, Twin-Anemia Polycythemia Sequence,and Twin-Reversed Arterial Perfusion, 1582Christoph Wohlmuth150 Physiology of Neonatal Resuscitation, 1589Stuart B. Hooper | Arjan B. te Pas151 Pathophysiology of Neonatal Sepsis, 1606James L. Wynn152 Pathophysiology of NeonatalHypoglycemia, 1624Colin P. Hawkes | Diana E. Stanescu | Charles A. Stanley153 Pathophysiology of Cardiomyopathies, 1633Hugo R. Martinez | Thomas D. Ryan | Jeffrey A. Towbin154 Pathophysiology of Persistent PulmonaryHypertension of the Newborn, 1648Satyan Lakshminrusimha | Robin H. Steinhorn155 Pathophysiology of Shock in the Fetus andNeonate, 1662Shahab Noori | Philippe S. Friedlich | Istvan Seri156 Pathophysiology of Apnea ofPrematurity, 1671Lisa J. Mitchell | Peter M. MacFarlane | Ryan W.Bavis | Richard J. Martin157 Pathophysiology of Respiratory DistressSyndrome, 1680Alan H. Jobe158 Pathophysiology of Meconium AspirationSyndrome, 1696Jason Gien | John P. Kinsella159 Pathophysiology of BronchopulmonaryDysplasia, 1703Eduardo H. Bancalari | Deepak Jain160 Pathophysiology of Ventilator-DependentInfants, 1710Howard B. Panitch161 Pathophysiology of GastroesophagealReflux, 1722Sudarshan Rao Jadcherla162 Pathophysiology and Prevention of NeonatalNecrotizing Enterocolitis, 1732Misty Good | Michael Caplan163 Pathophysiology of Kernicterus, 1738Thor Willy Ruud Hansen164 Pathophysiology of Neonatal Acute KidneyInjury, 1750David T. Selewski | David J. Askenazi | Jennifer R.Charlton | Jennifer G. Jetton165 Pathophysiology of Edema, 1760David P. Carlton166 Pathophysiology of Retinopathy ofPrematurity, 1765M. Elizabeth Hartnett167 Pathophysiology of Neonatal Hypoxic-IschemicBrain Injury, 1773Vadim S. Ten168 Pathophysiology of Neonatal Acute BacterialMeningitis, 1784Rodrigo Hasbun | Allan Collodel | Tatiana Barichello169 Pathophysiology of Neural TubeDefects, 1797Andrew J. Copp | Nicholas D.E. Greene170 Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia, 1811Sarosh Rana | S. Ananth Karumanchi171 Pathophysiology of Preterm Birth, 1820David A. MacIntyre | Shirin Khanjani | Phillip R. Bennett172 Pathophysiology of Chorioamnionitis: HostImmunity and Microbial Virulence, 1828Thomas A. Hooven | Tara M. Randis173 Pathophysiology of Genetic NeonatalDisease, 1837Katrina A. Andrews | Sarah A. Bowdin174 Genetic Variants and Neonatal Disease, 1846Jennifer L. Cohen | C. Michael Cotten